Published on in Vol 13 (2025)

1 Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
2 Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, China
3 Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
4 Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
5 School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
*these authors contributed equally