Predicting Postoperative Mortality With Deep Neural Networks and Natural Language Processing: Model Development and Validation

Pei-Fu Chen   ^{1, 2 *} , MD ;   Lichin Chen   ^{3 *} , PhD ;   Yow-Kuan Lin   ^{2, 4} , BSc ;   Guo-Hung Li   ² , MSc ;   Feipei Lai   ^{2, 5, 6} , PhD ;   Cheng-Wei Lu   ^{1, 7} , MD, PhD ;   Chi-Yu Yang   ^{8, 9} , MD ;   Kuan-Chih Chen   ^{2, 10} , MD, MSc ;   Tzu-Yu Lin   ^{1, 7} , MD, PhD

¹ Department of Anesthesiology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan

² Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan

³ Research Center for Information Technology Innovation, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan

⁴ Department of Computer Science, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States

⁵ Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan

⁶ Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan

⁷ Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan

⁸ Department of Information Technology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan

⁹ Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan

¹⁰ Department of Internal Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan

*these authors contributed equally