Development of a Pipeline for Adverse Drug Reaction Identification in Clinical Notes: Word Embedding Models and String Matching

Klaske R Siegersma   ^{1, 2} , MSc ;   Maxime Evers   ¹ , MSc ;   Sophie H Bots   ¹ , PhD ;   Floor Groepenhoff   ^{1, 3} , MD, PhD ;   Yolande Appelman   ² , MD, PhD ;   Leonard Hofstra   ^{2, 4} , MD, PhD ;   Igor I Tulevski   ⁴ , MD, PhD ;   G Aernout Somsen   ⁴ , MD, PhD ;   Hester M den Ruijter   ¹ , PhD ;   Marco Spruit   ^{5, 6 *} , PhD ;   N Charlotte Onland-Moret   ^{7 *} , PhD

¹ Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands

² Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands

³ Central Diagnostic Laboratory, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands

⁴ Cardiology Centers of the Netherlands, Utrecht, Netherlands

⁵ Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands

⁶ Leiden Institute of Advanced Computer Science, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands

⁷ Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands

*these authors contributed equally