Assessment of Natural Language Processing Methods for Ascertaining the Expanded Disability Status Scale Score From the Electronic Health Records of Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: Algorithm Development and Validation Study

Zhen Yang   ¹ , MSc ;   Chloé Pou-Prom   ¹ , MSc ;   Ashley Jones   ² , BSc ;   Michaelia Banning   ¹ , BA (Hons) ;   David Dai   ¹ , MSc ;   Muhammad Mamdani   ^{1, 3, 4, 5, 6} , PharmD, MA, MPH ;   Jiwon Oh   ^{2, 4, 7} , MD, PhD ;   Tony Antoniou   ^{1, 3, 8, 9} , PhD

¹ Data Science and Advanced Analytics, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

² Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada

³ Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

⁴ Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

⁵ Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

⁶ Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

⁷ Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States

⁸ Department of Family and Community Medicine, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

⁹ Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada