Development and Validation of a Machine Learning Approach for Automated Severity Assessment of COVID-19 Based on Clinical and Imaging Data: Retrospective Study

Juan Carlos Quiroz   ^{1, 2 *} , PhD ;   You-Zhen Feng   ^{3 *} , MD ;   Zhong-Yuan Cheng   ^{3 *} , MD ;   Dana Rezazadegan   ^{1, 4} , PhD ;   Ping-Kang Chen   ³ , MD ;   Qi-Ting Lin   ³ , MD ;   Long Qian   ⁵ , PhD ;   Xiao-Fang Liu   ^{6, 7} , PhD ;   Shlomo Berkovsky   ¹ , PhD ;   Enrico Coiera   ¹ , PhD ;   Lei Song   ⁸ , MD ;   Xiaoming Qiu   ⁹ , MD ;   Sidong Liu   ¹ , PhD ;   Xiang-Ran Cai   ³ , MD

¹ Centre for Health Informatics, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, Australia

² Centre for Big Data Research in Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia

³ Medical Imaging Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China

⁴ Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia

⁵ Department of Biomedical Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China

⁶ Institute of Robotics and Automatic Information System, College of Artificial Intelligence, Nankai University, Tianjin, China

⁷ School of Data and Computer Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China

⁸ Department of Radiology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China

⁹ Department of Radiology, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Edong Healthcare Group, Huangshi, China

*these authors contributed equally