Natural Language Processing and ICD-10 Coding for Detecting Bleeding Events in Discharge Summaries: Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

Frederic Gaspar   ^{1, 2 *} , PhD ;   Mehdi Zayene   ³ , MSc ;   Claire Coumau   ^{1, 2, 4} , MSc ;   Elliott Bertrand   ³ , MSc ;   Marie Bettex   ⁵ , MD ;   Marie Annick Le Pogam   ^{5 *} , MD, PhD ;   Chantal Csajka   ^{2, 4 *} , PhD

¹ Center for Research and Innovation in Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lausanne, Switzerland

² School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland

³ Effixis SA, Lausanne, Switzerland

⁴ Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Geneva and Lausanne, Switzerland

⁵ Department of Epidemiology and Health Systems, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland

*these authors contributed equally