Artificial Intelligence Versus Clinicians in Disease Diagnosis: Systematic Review

Jiayi Shen   ^{1, 2 *} , MBBS ;   Casper J P Zhang   ^{3 *} , MPH, PhD ;   Bangsheng Jiang   ^{4, 5} , MBBS ;   Jiebin Chen   ⁶ , BSc ;   Jian Song   ⁷ , BA ;   Zherui Liu   ⁶ , BSc ;   Zonglin He   ^{4, 5} , MBBS ;   Sum Yi Wong   ^{4, 5} , MBBS ;   Po-Han Fang   ^{4, 5} , MBBS ;   Wai-Kit Ming   ^{1, 4, 8, 9} , MPH, MD, MMSc, PhD

¹ Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China

² School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China

³ School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)

⁴ International School, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China

⁵ Faculty of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China

⁶ College of Information Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China

⁷ School of International Studies, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China

⁸ Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States

⁹ Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States

*these authors contributed equally