AI Language Models in Health Care

Articles published in this theme: 298 (scroll down to load remaining articles)

2026

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Performance of Vision-Enabled Large Language Models in Image-Based Electrocardiogram Interpretation: Exploratory Evaluation

Nibras Soubh, Eva Rasenack, Helge Haarmann, Felix Wiedmann, Markus Zabel, Constanze Schmidt, Rayan Suliman, Leonard Bergau

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Jun 03); 28:e86692

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Clinical Note Generation From Doctor-Patient Conversations Using Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning Large Language Models: Comparative Study

Saib Ahmed, Farig Yousuf Sadeque

JMIR Med Inform 2026 (Jun 03); 14:e82545

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Confidence Measurement Metrics in Multimodal Large Language Models for Ultrasound-Based Radiology Cases: Comparative Evaluation Study of Self-Reported, Consistency-Based, and Hybrid Methods

Taewon Han, Jaeseung Shin, Jeong Hyun Lee, Kyowon Gu

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Jun 02); 28:e86498

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Preliminary Evaluation of a Large Language Model–Powered Chatbot for Osteoporosis Self-Management Education: Formative Randomized Controlled Trial

Jinling Huang, Xiaolian Xin, Chunyan He, Haoyan Xiong, Wenjun Pang, Shaobo Pang, Wei Sun, Xianghua Ding

JMIR Form Res 2026 (Jun 02); 10:e85475

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Detection of Self-Harm in Electronic Mental Health Records Using Privacy-Preserving Local Language Models: Methodological Study

Andrey Kormilitzin, Dan W Joyce, Apostolos Tsiachristas, Rohan Borschmann, Navneet Kapur, Galit Geulayov

JMIR Ment Health 2026 (Jun 02); 13:e87586

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Hospitalists Are Already Using AI—Why Implementation Will Determine Its Impact

Anna Maw, Aakriti Pandita, Marisha Burden

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Jun 01); 28:e97419

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Performance of Large Language Models on the Brazilian National Medical Education Examination: Comparative Benchmark Study

Francys de Luca Fernandes da Silva, Eduardo Augusto Roeder, João Victor Bruneti Severino, Matheus Nespolo Berger, Pedro Angelo Basei de Paula, Davi Ferreira, Maria Han Veiga, Thyago Proença de Moraes, Gustavo Lenci Marques

JMIR Med Educ 2026 (May 29); 12:e89839

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Application of Sparse Autoencoders to Enhance Mechanistic Interpretability of Large Language Models in Medicine

Andre Metzger, Shiv Patil, Lauren R Sugarmann, Mert Karabacak, Konstantinos Margetis

JMIR AI 2026 (May 27); 5:e81134

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Differences in Safety Risks Across Languages in Health-Relevant Queries: Vulnerability Analysis of Large Language Model Responses

Saubhagya Joshi, Monjil A Mehta, Melissa Mendoza, Yonaira M Rivera, Vivek K Singh

JMIR Form Res 2026 (May 26); 10:e87465

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Large Language Model–Generated Patient Instructions for Prescriptions in Primary Health Care: Preclinical Algorithm Validation

Zilma Silveira Nogueira Reis, Elisa Tuler Albergaria, Adriana Silvina Pagano, Eura Martins Lage, Flávia Ribeiro de Oliveira, Cristiane dos Santos Dias, Juliana Almeida Oliveira, Gláucia Miranda Varella Pereira, Isaias Jose Ramos de Oliveira, Érico Franco Mineiro, Igor Carvalho Lima Oliveira, Davi dos Reis de Jesus, Antônio Pereira de Souza Júnior, Igor de Carvalho Gomes, Rodrigo André Cuevas Gaete, Ricardo Cruz-Correia, Leonardo Rocha

J Med Internet Res 2026 (May 26); 28:e84444

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Extracting Cardiorespiratory Symptoms From Clinical Notes Using Open-Weight Large Language Models: Method Development and Validation Study

Yunbing Bai, Wanting Cui, Joseph Finkelstein

JMIR Cardio 2026 (May 22); 10:e89480

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Benchmarking Large Language Models and Prompt Engineering Strategies in Microsatellite Instability Cancers: Evaluation Study

Yuxin Zhang, Jie Song, Cheng Bi, Xin Zheng, Zhichuan Xu, Dan Cao, Bairong Shen

J Med Internet Res 2026 (May 21); 28:e88614

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Extracting Social Determinants of Health From Electronic Health Records: Development and Comparison of Rule-Based and Large Language Model Methods

Bo Wang, Dia Kabir, Cheryl Renee Clark, Karmel W Choi, Jordan W Smoller

JMIR Med Inform 2026 (May 19); 14:e89534

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A Multiassessment and Multiprofessional Agents Approach for Medical Chatbot Risk Estimation: Development and Evaluation Study

Lenard Paulo Velasco Tamayo, Tomohiro Nishiyama, Shaowen Peng, Shoko Wakamiya, Eiji Aramaki

JMIR Med Inform 2026 (May 15); 14:e80416

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Large Language Models and Their Applications in Mental Health: Scoping Review

Matheus Calvin Lokadjaja, Jordon Junyang Kho, Peter Johannes Schulz, Wilson Wen Bin Goh

JMIR Ment Health 2026 (May 15); 13:e88057

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A Natural Language Processing Framework for Structuring and Visualizing Clinical Trial Eligibility Criteria at Scale: Protocol for a Quantitative Study

Justin Xie, Jeet Parikh, Jessica Liu, Sameer Pandya, Guannan Gong

JMIR Res Protoc 2026 (May 14); 15:e86425

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Use of Commercially Available Large Language Models to Generate Information Leaflets on Post–Intensive Care Syndrome: Clinical Utility Assessment

Nanami Hata, Takehiko Oami, Eiryo Kawakami, Akiko Hanai, Taka-aki Nakada

JMIR Form Res 2026 (May 14); 10:e81606

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Natural Language Processing of Clinical Notes for Cancer Research and Patient Care Prior to Widespread Adoption of Generative AI: Scoping Review

Alfred B Kayira, Hadeel R A Elyazori, Kevin Lybarger, Fiona M Walter, Claude Chelala, Garth Funston

JMIR AI 2026 (May 14); 5:e73481

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Evaluating AI-Mediated Health Communication via Large Language Model–Based Frequently Asked Questions Rewriting to Foster Clinical Trial Participation: Comparative Survey Study

Ching-Hua Chuan, Jiajing Tang, Zixiao Yang, Rutendo Chimbaru

JMIR AI 2026 (May 12); 5:e87446

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Expert Evaluation and Consensus on GPT-4o Summaries of Clinical Letters: Validation and Results of the Framework and Implementation of AI Tools Project

Mieke Deschepper, Helga Rogge, Kirsten Colpaert

JMIR Med Inform 2026 (May 11); 14:e90374

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