AI Language Models in Health Care

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Years in this theme: All years 2026 2025 2024 2023

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Articles published in this theme: 374 (scroll down to load remaining articles)

2026

Doctor in white coat holding a tablet, digital health technology

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Evaluation of Prompt Design and Internal Reasoning in Chatbot-Based Medical History Taking: Simulation Study

Nattawipa Thawinwisan, Chang Liu, Goshiro Yamamoto, Kazumasa Kishimoto, Yukiko Mori, Tomohiro Kuroda

JMIR Med Inform 2026 (Aug 21); 14:e94614

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Doctor in lab coat analyzing medical scans on laptop in futuristic medical lab

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Clinical Laboratory Terminology Standardization for Semantic Interoperability Using a Large Language Model–Based Agent: Methodological Study

Lijuan Wu, Jinxin Huang, Hongnian Wang, Liyi Mai, Xueyun Zhan, Xinrong He, Xiaotang Zhang, Huiying Liang, Xin Li, Abdelouahab Bellou

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Aug 20); 28:e92499

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Tumor Board meeting with LLM prompt on laptop screen.

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Augmenting Head and Neck Multidisciplinary Tumor Board Recommendations With Locally Run Large Language Models: Prospective Evaluation of Real-World Implementation

Christoph Raphael Buhr, Lukas Müller, Daniel Pinto dos Santos, Daniel Thiem, Jean-Jacques Ponciano, Maximilian Krüger, Karoline O'Brien, Justus Kaufmann, Hildegard Nolte, Martin Gartenschläeger, Stefanie Zimmer, Sebastian Altmann, Andrew Blaikie, Christian Ruckes, Christoph Matthias, Sebastian Kuhn, Jonas Eckrich

JMIR AI 2026 (Aug 20); 5:e95081

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Oncology researchers discuss LLM performance metrics on computer screens.

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Large Language Models for Oncology Guideline Maintenance: Prospective Case Study

Manuel Knauer, Julian Greß, Jakob Nikolas Kather, Peter May

JMIR AI 2026 (Aug 20); 5:e93239

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Woman in office chair with back pain, holding her neck and lower back.

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Discordance Between Textual Reasoning and Visual Interpretation in Large Language Models for Low Back Pain: Cross-Sectional Quantitative Evaluation and Exploratory Multimodal Stress Test

Ziyu Zhang, Longhao Chen, Zhizhen Lv, Hanzhe Lv, Wei Sheng, Zicheng Wei, Binghao Wang, Ying Shen, Yu Tian, Jingwen Hu, Zhifang Shen, Lijiang Lv

JMIR Med Inform 2026 (Aug 20); 14:e93522

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Woman uses phone to view HIV self-test instructions from Self-Cov by National Department of Health.

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Acceptability, Usability, and Clinical Appropriateness of an AI-Powered Tool for Linkage to HIV Services After HIV Self-Testing in South Africa: Mixed Methods Evaluation

Nomsa Brightness Mahlalela, Onthatile Maboa, Caroline Govathson, Laura Rossouw, Lawrence Long, Ross Greener, Sarah Morris, Shawna Cooper, Sasha Frade, Sophie Pascoe, Candice Chetty-Makkan

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Aug 17); 28:e88570

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Young girl with crossed eyes, looking at the camera.

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Large Language Model Simplification of Open Access Pediatric Strabismus Literature: Cross-Sectional Validation of Readability and Clinical Fidelity

Mingming Jiang, Mingming Zhou, Xiaomei Wan, Jing Zhang

JMIR Form Res 2026 (Aug 14); 10:e91572

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Microscope objective lens over petri dish with glowing network visualization

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Methods of Evaluating Large Language Model–Based Health Care Applications Used by Nonprofessionals: Protocol for a Scoping Review

Maren Keuchel, Pinar Bisgin, Tom Strube, Niklas Tschorn, Leoni Weltermann, Sven Meister

JMIR Res Protoc 2026 (Aug 11); 15:e93509

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Woman with infusion device on arm uses smartphone, discussing cancer treatment.

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Finite State Machine–Guided Retrieval-Augmented Generation Improves Expert-Rated Acceptability of a Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter Self-Management Chatbot: Single-Center Content Validation Study

Mangyeong Lee, Seung-Beom Cho, Jae-Wook Yu, Junghee Yoon, Jae-Boong Choi, Kyu-Hwan Jung, Juhee Cho

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Aug 11); 28:e92374

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Doctor in white coat with stethoscope using laptop at desk

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AI Scribe Safety: Measuring What Happens After Signing

Vera Sorin, Eyal Klang

JMIR Med Inform 2026 (Aug 10); 14:e103162

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Doctor reviewing ADE Identification software on computer screen

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Intelligent Framework for Adverse Drug Event Identification Using Large Language Models and Retrieval-Augmented Generation: Development and Evaluation Study

Junlong Ma, Xuehong Wu, Zeying Feng, Yun Kuang, Zhendong Ding, Min Li, Guoping Yang

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Aug 10); 28:e84086

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Pharmacist discusses medication with a patient in a pharmacy aisle.

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Using Natural Language Processing to Identify Adverse Drug Events Characterized by Medication Replacement in Primary Care Electronic Medical Records: Algorithm and Validation Study

Alan Katz, Abhishek Dhankar, Gillian Fransoo, Diane Gordon Pappas, Amani F Hamad, Christine Leong, Alexander Singer

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Aug 10); 28:e86467

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Laptop screen shows medical scans and Chinese text about a dizzying patient.

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A Bilingual Benchmark for Evaluating Diagnostic Performance of Multimodal Large Language Models in Radiology (RadM-Bench): Evaluation Development and Validation

Qingxia Wu, Qingxia Wu, Peipei Zhang, Zhifeng Yi, Yu Shen, Yan Bai, Hongna Tan, Pei Dong, Zhong Xue, Neil Roberts, Meiyun Wang

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Aug 07); 28:e92183

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Doctor analyzing AI diagnostic system displaying patient data and chest X-ray

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Stepwise Diagnostic Evaluation of Chinese Large Language Models: Comparative Study of Common and Rare Diseases

Jiayi Wang, Jiao Yang, Rui Guo

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Aug 06); 28:e89963

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Woman and humanoid robot interacting in a living room

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AI as a Therapist, Companion, and Romantic Partner: Emerging Roles, Benefits, and Risks for Mental Health in Participatory Medicine

John Grohol

J Particip Med 2026 (Aug 05); 18:e95153

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Doctor consoles patient while colleague looks on, medical scans in background.

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Correctness, Harmfulness, and Diversity of Large Language Models for Colonoscopy Preparation Assistance: Comparative Evaluation Study

Tomiris Kaumenova, Subhankar Chakraborty, Eric Fosler-Lussier, Kebire Gofar, Isaiah Metcalf, Andrew Perrault, Michael White

JMIR AI 2026 (Aug 04); 5:e88581

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Person pouring pills from orange bottle into palm, close-up

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Large Language Model–Based Clinical Decision Support for Antibiotic Selection and Dose Recommendation in Hospitalized Patients With Pneumonia: Multicenter Retrospective Study

Yang Zhang, Li Li, Chunting Tan, Mengyuan Ji, Xican Tian, Xiangdong Mu, Jun Li, Yu Gu, Honglei Liu

JMIR Med Inform 2026 (Aug 04); 14:e98207

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Doctor holding a futuristic heart model with EKG readout, symbolizing cardiac care.

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Nurse-Led Large Language Model Chatbot for Predicting and Preventing Complications After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial

Salini K, Ajee K L, Praveen Kerala Varma, Premjith B, Anila K P, Vandana Agnihotri, Priyalatha Muthu, Renjitha Bhaskaran, Namrata Nair

JMIR Res Protoc 2026 (Aug 04); 15:e103717

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Young woman in hospital gown sits on hospital bed, looking thoughtfully into the distance.

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Prediction of Postoperative Vomiting Within 24 Hours Using Machine Learning With Large Language Model–Enhanced Interpretability: Development and Validation Study

Huan-Jun Wang, Wei-Po Lee, Tz-Ping Gau, Kuang-I Cheng, Cheng-Ru Wei

JMIR Med Inform 2026 (Jul 31); 14:e84260

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Doctor discusses brain health and medical data with an elderly patient.

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Impact of Large Language Model–Based AI Tools on Physician-Patient Communication: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Sven Richter, Clara Helene Buszello, Markus Prem, Sophia Willkommen, Elida Hasani, Ortrud Uckermann, Tareq A Juratli, Ilker Y Eyüpoglu, Witold H Polanski

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Jul 31); 28:e77307

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