AI Language Models in Health Care

Large Language Models in Medical Diagnostics: Scoping Review With Bibliometric Analysis

Hankun Su, Yuanyuan Sun, Ruiting Li, Aozhe Zhang, Yuemeng Yang, Fen Xiao, Zhiying Duan, Jingjing Chen, Qin Hu, Tianli Yang, Bin Xu, Qiong Zhang, Jing Zhao, Yanping Li, Hui Li

J Med Internet Res 2025 (Jun 09); 27:e72062

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A Knowledge-Enhanced Platform (MetaSepsisKnowHub) for Retrieval Augmented Generation–Based Sepsis Heterogeneity and Personalized Management: Development Study

Chi Zhang, Hao Yang, Xingyun Liu, Rongrong Wu, Hui Zong, Erman Wu, Yi Zhou, Jiakun Li, Bairong Shen

J Med Internet Res 2025 (Jun 06); 27:e67201

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Clinical Management of Wasp Stings Using Large Language Models: Cross-Sectional Evaluation Study

Wei Pan, Shuman Zhang, Yonghong Wang, Zhenglin Quan, Yanxia Zhu, Zhicheng Fang, Xianyi Yang

J Med Internet Res 2025 (Jun 04); 27:e67489

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Predicting 30-Day Postoperative Mortality and American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status Using Retrieval-Augmented Large Language Models: Development and Validation Study

Ying-Hao Chen, Shanq-Jang Ruan, Pei-fu Chen

J Med Internet Res 2025 (Jun 03); 27:e75052

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High-Throughput Phenotyping of the Symptoms of Alzheimer Disease and Related Dementias Using Large Language Models: Cross-Sectional Study

You Cheng, Mrunal Malekar, Yingnan He, Apoorva Bommareddy, Colin Magdamo, Arjun Singh, Brandon Westover, Shibani S Mukerji, John Dickson, Sudeshna Das

JMIR AI 2025 (Jun 03); 4:e66926

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Enhancing the Accuracy of Human Phenotype Ontology Identification: Comparative Evaluation of Multimodal Large Language Models

Wei Zhong, Mingyue Sun, Shun Yao, YiFan Liu, Dingchuan Peng, Yan Liu, Kai Yang, HuiMin Gao, HuiHui Yan, WenJing Hao, YouSheng Yan, ChengHong Yin

J Med Internet Res 2025 (Jun 02); 27:e73233

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Assessing the Accuracy and Reliability of Large Language Models in Psychiatry Using Standardized Multiple-Choice Questions: Cross-Sectional Study

Kaitlin Hanss, Karthik V Sarma, Anne L Glowinski, Andrew Krystal, Ramotse Saunders, Andrew Halls, Sasha Gorrell, Erin Reilly

J Med Internet Res 2025 (May 20); 27:e69910

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From E-Patients to AI Patients: The Tidal Wave Empowering Patients, Redefining Clinical Relationships, and Transforming Care

Susan S Woods, Sarah M Greene, Laura Adams, Grace Cordovano, Matthew F Hudson

J Particip Med 2025 (May 16); 17:e75794

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Benchmarking the Confidence of Large Language Models in Answering Clinical Questions: Cross-Sectional Evaluation Study

Mahmud Omar, Reem Agbareia, Benjamin S Glicksberg, Girish N Nadkarni, Eyal Klang

JMIR Med Inform 2025 (May 16); 13:e66917

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Patients’ Perceptions of Artificial Intelligence Acceptance, Challenges, and Use in Medical Care: Qualitative Study

Jana Gundlack, Carolin Thiel, Sarah Negash, Charlotte Buch, Timo Apfelbacher, Kathleen Denny, Jan Christoph, Rafael Mikolajczyk, Susanne Unverzagt, Thomas Frese

J Med Internet Res 2025 (May 15); 27:e70487

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A Practical Guide and Assessment on Using ChatGPT to Conduct Grounded Theory: Tutorial

Yongjie Yue, Dong Liu, Yilin Lv, Junyi Hao, Peixuan Cui

J Med Internet Res 2025 (May 14); 27:e70122

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Identification of Online Health Information Using Large Pretrained Language Models: Mixed Methods Study

Dongmei Tan, Yi Huang, Ming Liu, Ziyu Li, Xiaoqian Wu, Cheng Huang

J Med Internet Res 2025 (May 14); 27:e70733

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Combining Artificial Intelligence and Human Support in Mental Health: Digital Intervention With Comparable Effectiveness to Human-Delivered Care

Clare E Palmer, Emily Marshall, Edward Millgate, Graham Warren, Michael Ewbank, Elisa Cooper, Samantha Lawes, Alastair Smith, Chris Hutchins-Joss, Jessica Young, Malika Bouazzaoui, Morad Margoum, Sandra Healey, Louise Marshall, Shaun Mehew, Ronan Cummins, Valentin Tablan, Ana Catarino, Andrew E Welchman, Andrew D Blackwell

J Med Internet Res 2025 (May 13); 27:e69351

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Transformer-Based Language Models for Group Randomized Trial Classification in Biomedical Literature: Model Development and Validation

Elaheh Aghaarabi, David Murray

JMIR Med Inform 2025 (May 09); 13:e63267

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The Effectiveness of a Custom AI Chatbot for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Health Literacy: Development and Evaluation Study

Anthony Kelly, Eoin Noctor, Laura Ryan, Pepijn van de Ven

J Med Internet Res 2025 (May 05); 27:e70131

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Comparing Diagnostic Accuracy of Clinical Professionals and Large Language Models: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Guxue Shan, Xiaonan Chen, Chen Wang, Li Liu, Yuanjing Gu, Huiping Jiang, Tingqi Shi

JMIR Med Inform 2025 (Apr 25); 13:e64963

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Machine Learning Approach to Identifying Empathy Using the Vocals of Mental Health Helpline Counselors: Algorithm Development and Validation

Ruvini Sanjeewa, Ravi Iyer, Pragalathan Apputhurai, Nilmini Wickramasinghe, Denny Meyer

JMIR Form Res 2025 (Apr 16); 9:e67835

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Summarizing Online Patient Conversations Using Generative Language Models: Experimental and Comparative Study

Rakhi Asokkumar Subjagouri Nair, Matthias Hartung, Philipp Heinisch, Janik Jaskolski, Cornelius Starke-Knäusel, Susana Veríssimo, David Maria Schmidt, Philipp Cimiano

JMIR Med Inform 2025 (Apr 14); 13:e62909

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Identifying Deprescribing Opportunities With Large Language Models in Older Adults: Retrospective Cohort Study

Vimig Socrates, Donald S Wright, Thomas Huang, Soraya Fereydooni, Christine Dien, Ling Chi, Jesse Albano, Brian Patterson, Naga Sasidhar Kanaparthy, Catherine X Wright, Andrew Loza, David Chartash, Mark Iscoe, Richard Andrew Taylor

JMIR Aging 2025 (Apr 11); 8:e69504

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Extracting Pulmonary Embolism Diagnoses From Radiology Impressions Using GPT-4o: Large Language Model Evaluation Study

Mohammed Mahyoub, Kacie Dougherty, Ajit Shukla

JMIR Med Inform 2025 (Apr 09); 13:e67706

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