Differentiating Ischemic From Nonischemic T-Wave Inversion Using a Multimodal Vision-Language Model With Reinforcement Learning (ECG-R1): Development and Validation Study

Yunzhang Cheng   ^{1 *} ;   Zhongkai Wang   ² ;   Wen Zhang   ^{1 *} ;   Qin Zhang   ² ;   Mingwei Zhang   ¹ ;   Songbin Cai   ³ ;   Tianyi Zhang   ¹

¹ School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, Yangpu District, China

² Department of Cardiovasology, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, Shanghai, China

³ Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

*these authors contributed equally