An Artificial Intelligence–Based Framework for Predicting Emergency Department Overcrowding: Development and Evaluation Study

Orhun Vural   ¹ , MSc ;   Bunyamin Ozaydin   ^{2, 3} , PhD ;   Khalid Y Aram   ⁴ , PhD ;   James Booth   ⁵ , MD ;   Brittany Freeman Lindsey   ⁶ , MPA ;   Abdulaziz Ahmed   ^{2, 3} , PhD

¹ Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States

² Department of Health Services Administration, School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States

³ Department of Biomedical Informatics and Data Science, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States

⁴ School of Business & Technology, Emporia State University, Emporia, United States

⁵ Department of Emergency Medicine, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States

⁶ Department of Patient Throughput, University of Alabama at Birmingham Hospital, Birmingham, AL, United States