Biases in Race and Ethnicity Introduced by Filtering Electronic Health Records for “Complete Data”: Observational Clinical Data Analysis

Jose Miguel Acitores Cortina   ^{1, 2 *} , MSc ;   Yasaman Fatapour   ^{1, 2 *} , PhD ;   Kathleen LaRow Brown   ^{3, 4} , MA ;   Undina Gisladottir   ^{3, 4} , PhD ;   Michael Zietz   ¹ , PhD ;   Oliver John Bear Don't Walk IV   ⁵ , PhD ;   Danner Peter   ⁵ , MPH ;   Jacob S Berkowitz   ^{1, 2} , BSc ;   Nadine A Friedrich   ^{1, 2} , MD ;   Sophia Kivelson   ^{1, 2} , MSc ;   Aditi Kuchi   ^{1, 2} , MSc ;   Hongyu Liu   ^{1, 2} , PhD, MD ;   Apoorva Srinivasan   ^{1, 2} , MSc ;   Kevin K Tsang   ^{1, 2} , MSc ;   Nicholas P Tatonetti   ^{1, 2, 3, 4} , PhD

¹ Department of Computational Biomedicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States

² Cedars-Sinai Cancer, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States

³ Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States

⁴ Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States

⁵ Department of Biomedical Informatics and Medical Education, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States

*these authors contributed equally