Issues With Variability in Electronic Health Record Data About Race and Ethnicity: Descriptive Analysis of the National COVID Cohort Collaborative Data Enclave

Lily Cook   ¹ , MA, PhD ;   Juan Espinoza   ² , MD ;   Nicole G Weiskopf   ¹ , PhD ;   Nisha Mathews   ³ , PhD ;   David A Dorr   ¹ , MD ;   Kelly L Gonzales   ^{4, 5, 6, 7} , MPH, PhD ;   Adam Wilcox   ⁸ , PhD ;   Charisse Madlock-Brown   ⁹ , PhD ;   N3C Consortium   ¹⁰

¹ Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States

² Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States

³ College of Human Sciences and Humanities, University of Houston, Clear Lake-Pearland, TX, United States

⁴ Citizen of the Cherokee Nation, Portland, OR, United States

⁵ Joint School of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science University-Portland State University, Portland, OR, United States

⁶ Founding Indigenous Member, BIPOC Decolonizing Data Council, Portland, OR, United States

⁷ Indigenous Equity Institute, Portland, OR, United States

⁸ Department of Medicine, Institute for Informatics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States

⁹ Tennessee Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States

¹⁰ See Acknowledgements, Bethesda, MD, United States