AI Language Models in Health Care

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Years in this theme: All years 2026 2025 2024 2023

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Articles published in 2026 in this theme: 171 (scroll down to load remaining articles)

2026

Doctor analyzing liver function data on futuristic holographic display

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Large Language Models for Heterogeneous Data Mining in Liver Disease: Framework Development and Retrospective Validation Study

Haiping Zhang, Xinming Li, Kechi Fang, Yinxue Ma, Lijuan Li, Huiping Yan, Yanmin Liu, Yanhua Yu, Jing Wang

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Sep 04); 28:e92921

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Medical professionals in a meeting discussing patient care

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Performance of ChatGPT, Claude, and AMBOSS on the European Board of Urology In-Service Assessment and Alignment With the European Association of Urology 2025 Guidelines: Comparative Study

Mohamed Eldaneen, Shaza Hendy, Omar Ramadan, Panagiotis Nikolinakos, Asif Muneer, Hussain M Alnajjar, Karl H Pang

JMIR Form Res 2026 (Sep 02); 10:e100148

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Woman using tablet showing heart health icons, AI chatbot, and medical data.

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Large Language Models for Patient Education in Cardiovascular Imaging: Prospective Observational Comparative Study

Ahmed Marey, Basudha Pal, Ayşenur Buz Yaşar, Shree Rath, Giulia Francese, Hossam M Ghorab, Julia Niemierko, Muhammad Shah Wali Jamal, Muhammad Umair

JMIR Form Res 2026 (Aug 26); 10:e95883

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AI analyzes medical data scenarios: report findings, history, complaints, and lab data.

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Incremental Diagnostic Value of Clinical Information for Large Language Models Across Multiple Organs: Retrospective Study

Jinqi Zhang, Xiaoyi Wang, Yanfeng Zhao, Xiaolin Cui, Liyun Zhao, Xinming Zhao, Hongmei Zhang, Zheng Zhu

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Aug 26); 28:e94904

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Doctor analyzing MRI scan of a patient's spine on a computer monitor

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Automating the Management of Extraspinal Findings in Magnetic Resonance Imaging Spine Studies Using a Privacy-Preserving Large Language Model: Retrospective Validation Study

Wilson Ong, Gifford Tan, Yong Han Ting, Shuliang Ge, Yi Liang Tan, Xi Zhen Low, Wei Chuan Tan, Andrew Makmur, Naomi Wenxin Leow, Muzammil Arif Din Abdul Jabbar, Qai Ven Yap, Shao Jin Ong, Jiong Hao Jonathan Tan, Naresh Kumar, James Thomas Patrick Decourcy Hallinan

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Aug 26); 28:e86251

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Doctor filling out medical history questionnaire with patient

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GPT-4o–Powered Preanesthetic AI: Development and Validation Study

Bo-Han Lin, Cheng-Wei Lu, I-Ching Hou, Chong-Sun Khoi, Tzu-Yu Lin, Chin-E Liu

JMIR Med Inform 2026 (Aug 25); 14:e83893

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Doctor in white coat holding a tablet, digital health technology

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Evaluation of Prompt Design and Internal Reasoning in Chatbot-Based Medical History Taking: Simulation Study

Nattawipa Thawinwisan, Chang Liu, Goshiro Yamamoto, Kazumasa Kishimoto, Yukiko Mori, Tomohiro Kuroda

JMIR Med Inform 2026 (Aug 21); 14:e94614

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Doctor in lab coat analyzing medical scans on laptop in futuristic medical lab

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Clinical Laboratory Terminology Standardization for Semantic Interoperability Using a Large Language Model–Based Agent: Methodological Study

Lijuan Wu, Jinxin Huang, Hongnian Wang, Liyi Mai, Xueyun Zhan, Xinrong He, Xiaotang Zhang, Huiying Liang, Xin Li, Abdelouahab Bellou

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Aug 20); 28:e92499

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Tumor Board meeting with LLM prompt on laptop screen.

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Augmenting Head and Neck Multidisciplinary Tumor Board Recommendations With Locally Run Large Language Models: Prospective Evaluation of Real-World Implementation

Christoph Raphael Buhr, Lukas Müller, Daniel Pinto dos Santos, Daniel Thiem, Jean-Jacques Ponciano, Maximilian Krüger, Karoline O'Brien, Justus Kaufmann, Hildegard Nolte, Martin Gartenschläeger, Stefanie Zimmer, Sebastian Altmann, Andrew Blaikie, Christian Ruckes, Christoph Matthias, Sebastian Kuhn, Jonas Eckrich

JMIR AI 2026 (Aug 20); 5:e95081

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Oncology researchers discuss LLM performance metrics on computer screens.

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Large Language Models for Oncology Guideline Maintenance: Prospective Case Study

Manuel Knauer, Julian Greß, Jakob Nikolas Kather, Peter May

JMIR AI 2026 (Aug 20); 5:e93239

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Woman in office chair with back pain, holding her neck and lower back.

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Discordance Between Textual Reasoning and Visual Interpretation in Large Language Models for Low Back Pain: Cross-Sectional Quantitative Evaluation and Exploratory Multimodal Stress Test

Ziyu Zhang, Longhao Chen, Zhizhen Lv, Hanzhe Lv, Wei Sheng, Zicheng Wei, Binghao Wang, Ying Shen, Yu Tian, Jingwen Hu, Zhifang Shen, Lijiang Lv

JMIR Med Inform 2026 (Aug 20); 14:e93522

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Woman uses phone to view HIV self-test instructions from Self-Cov by National Department of Health.

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Acceptability, Usability, and Clinical Appropriateness of an AI-Powered Tool for Linkage to HIV Services After HIV Self-Testing in South Africa: Mixed Methods Evaluation

Nomsa Brightness Mahlalela, Onthatile Maboa, Caroline Govathson, Laura Rossouw, Lawrence Long, Ross Greener, Sarah Morris, Shawna Cooper, Sasha Frade, Sophie Pascoe, Candice Chetty-Makkan

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Aug 17); 28:e88570

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Young girl with crossed eyes, looking at the camera.

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Large Language Model Simplification of Open Access Pediatric Strabismus Literature: Cross-Sectional Validation of Readability and Clinical Fidelity

Mingming Jiang, Mingming Zhou, Xiaomei Wan, Jing Zhang

JMIR Form Res 2026 (Aug 14); 10:e91572

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Microscope objective lens over petri dish with glowing network visualization

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Methods of Evaluating Large Language Model–Based Health Care Applications Used by Nonprofessionals: Protocol for a Scoping Review

Maren Keuchel, Pinar Bisgin, Tom Strube, Niklas Tschorn, Leoni Weltermann, Sven Meister

JMIR Res Protoc 2026 (Aug 11); 15:e93509

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Woman with infusion device on arm uses smartphone, discussing cancer treatment.

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Finite State Machine–Guided Retrieval-Augmented Generation Improves Expert-Rated Acceptability of a Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter Self-Management Chatbot: Single-Center Content Validation Study

Mangyeong Lee, Seung-Beom Cho, Jae-Wook Yu, Junghee Yoon, Jae-Boong Choi, Kyu-Hwan Jung, Juhee Cho

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Aug 11); 28:e92374

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Doctor in white coat with stethoscope using laptop at desk

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AI Scribe Safety: Measuring What Happens After Signing

Vera Sorin, Eyal Klang

JMIR Med Inform 2026 (Aug 10); 14:e103162

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Doctor reviewing ADE Identification software on computer screen

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Intelligent Framework for Adverse Drug Event Identification Using Large Language Models and Retrieval-Augmented Generation: Development and Evaluation Study

Junlong Ma, Xuehong Wu, Zeying Feng, Yun Kuang, Zhendong Ding, Min Li, Guoping Yang

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Aug 10); 28:e84086

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Pharmacist discusses medication with a patient in a pharmacy aisle.

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Using Natural Language Processing to Identify Adverse Drug Events Characterized by Medication Replacement in Primary Care Electronic Medical Records: Algorithm and Validation Study

Alan Katz, Abhishek Dhankar, Gillian Fransoo, Diane Gordon Pappas, Amani F Hamad, Christine Leong, Alexander Singer

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Aug 10); 28:e86467

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Laptop screen shows medical scans and Chinese text about a dizzying patient.

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A Bilingual Benchmark for Evaluating Diagnostic Performance of Multimodal Large Language Models in Radiology (RadM-Bench): Evaluation Development and Validation

Qingxia Wu, Qingxia Wu, Peipei Zhang, Zhifeng Yi, Yu Shen, Yan Bai, Hongna Tan, Pei Dong, Zhong Xue, Neil Roberts, Meiyun Wang

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Aug 07); 28:e92183

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Doctor analyzing AI diagnostic system displaying patient data and chest X-ray

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