AI Language Models in Health Care

Years in this theme: All years 2026 2025 2024 2023

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Articles published in this theme: 397 (scroll down to load remaining articles)

2026

Two nurses in blue scrubs reviewing patient data on a tablet and computer.

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Cloud-Based and Locally Deployed Language Models in Nursing and Health Care: An AI Act–Aligned Framework

Elena Sblendorio, Vincenzo Dentamaro, Maddalena De Maria, Salvatore Tempesta, Elena Barile, Daniele Napolitano, Martina Tallini, Daniela Nigrelli, Giancarlo Cicolini, Michela Piredda

JMIR Med Inform 2026 (Sep 25); 14:e90854

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Doctor in white coat using computer for medical records

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Demographics, Clinical Content, Use Patterns, and Care-Seeking Intent Across Two Generations of AI-Enabled Clinical Triage Tools (A Traditional Structured Questionnaire and a Large Language Model–Enabled Conversational Interface): Comparative Retrospective Observational Study

Maria Marecka, Anna Nowicka, Aleksandra Suwińska, Piotr Orzechowski

JMIR AI 2026 (Sep 22); 5:e84469

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Doctor contemplating a holographic medical AI model.

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Process-Oriented, Behaviorally Anchored Assessment of Clinical Reasoning in Large Language Models and the Effect of Extended Thinking: Protocol for a Prospective, Multigroup, Comparative Study

Adnan Agha, Muhammad Jalil, Eram Anwar, Omran Bakoush

JMIR Res Protoc 2026 (Sep 22); 15:e103220

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Large Language Models for Clinical Data Extraction in Workplace Injury Rehabilitation: Protocol for a Retrospective Pilot Study of Accuracy, Fairness, and Methodological Considerations in Workers’ Compensation Medical Chart Review

Armaan Rehman Shah, Barbara Gorczyca Abel, Majid Komeili, Basem Gohar, Behdin Nowrouzi-Kia

JMIR Res Protoc 2026 (Sep 22); 15:e99807

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Doctor discusses patient health concerns during a medical consultation, using a tablet.

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Real-Time Artificial Intelligence Diagnostic Copilot in Simulated Primary Care Consultations: Randomized Simulation Study

Ivan Cusacovich, Manuel Pinilla, Ruben Garcia Castro

JMIR Form Res 2026 (Sep 22); 10:e104579

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Doctor in white coat using a tablet in a modern clinic

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Diagnostic Performance of a Locally Deployed Vision Language Model for Bone Tumor Diagnosis Using Smartphone-Captured Images: Exploratory Retrospective Study

Yin Shi, Zhi-Chao Tong

JMIR AI 2026 (Sep 21); 5:e99757

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Two female doctors in white coats review medical scans and tablet data.

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The Alignment Paradox of Medical Large Language Models in Infertility Care: Decoupling Algorithmic Improvement From Clinical Decision-Making Quality

Dou Liu, Ying Long, Sophia Zuoqiu, Di Liu, Kang Li, Kaipeng Xie, Runze Yang, Yiting Lin, Hanyi Liu, Rong Yin, Tian Tang

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Sep 21); 28:e97221

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Nurse in blue scrubs using a tablet in a medical setting

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Navigating Collective Bargaining Barriers to the Implementation of AI Scribe Technology Among Ambulatory Advanced Practice Providers: Mixed Methods Quality Improvement Study

Aaron Wright, Danise Seaters, Christi DeLemos

JMIR Form Res 2026 (Sep 17); 10:e92364

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Efficacy of A Virtual Agent–Based Digital Intervention (Echo App V2.0) for Patients With Alcohol Use Disorder: Randomized Controlled Trial

Shuo Li, Dapeng Zhang, Weicong Sang, Ruihua Li, Wei Yuan, Jingyang Liu, Huixue Li, Meimei Liu, Yunchun Zhang, Bingqian Zhang, Qianying Wu, Chuanning Huang, Haidi Shan, Jiang Du, Haifeng Jiang, Na Zhong, Tianzhen Chen, Min Zhao

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Sep 17); 28:e91065

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Doctor in white coat looking at computer screen in modern office with medical imaging.

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Attitudes Toward Large Language Models in Health Care and Preferences for Their Adoption and Oversight Among Health Care Professionals: Cross-Sectional Survey

Arya Rao, Chinemerem Nwokemodo-Ihejirika, John W R Kincaid, Marharyta Krylova, Kaiz P Esmail, Dan Nguyen, Christian Rivera, Erica Koranteng, Marc D Succi

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Sep 15); 28:e87818

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Locally Deployed Large Language Models for AI-Assisted Outpatient Prescription Review: Crossover Study

Zhengyue Liu, Yi Ding, Jingxia Chen, Ziqiang Yan, Xuxi Cheng, Wei Zhou, Peng Fu, Zhuo Wang

JMIR Med Inform 2026 (Sep 14); 14:e97520

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Privacy Leakage in Federated Learning in Radiology Reports: Comparative Evaluation of Tokenizer and Batch-Size Privacy Risks

Santhosh Parampottupadam, Andrés Martínez Mora, Dimitrios Bounias, Sinem Sav, Klaus Maier-Hein, Ralf Floca

JMIR Med Inform 2026 (Sep 11); 14:e88390

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Doctor explains patient's health data chart on computer screen

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Evaluating Large Language Models in Clinical Audiology (AUDIOLOGYBENCH): Benchmark Development and Validation Study

Linkai Li, Changgeng Mo, Haoshuai Zhou, Hanlin Yu, Congxi Lu, Shangqiguo Wang, Varsha M Athreya, Matthew B Fitzgerald, Shan X Wang

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Sep 11); 28:e94755

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Doctor interacting with a holographic display of lungs and medical data.

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Global Research Trends and Insights on AI Usage in Tuberculosis: Bibliometric Analysis

Jiawen He, Shuzhen Feng, Yufang Chen, Zhijuan Lai, Beihua Lyu, Yingying Li

JMIR Med Inform 2026 (Sep 10); 14:e93885

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Doctor shows tablet with medical history form to patient

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Fine-Tuning Large Language Models for Structured Extraction of Infectious Disease–Related Information From Clinical Notes in Japanese Primary Care: Development and Internal Validation Study

Hiroshi Yoshihara, Haruka Maeda, Yuriko Hagiwara, Daichi Sato, Kei Kitajima, Akihiro Iwata, Nicolas Van de Velde, Yuta Nakamura, Yosuke Yamagishi, Ataru Igarashi

JMIR Form Res 2026 (Sep 10); 10:e84974

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“Small” Large Language Models in the Hospital: Evaluation Study on Real-World Data in a Resource-Constrained Setting

He A Xu, Romain Pythoud, Christian W Thorball, Giorgia Carra, Bogdan Kulynych, Jérémie Despraz, Coralie Galland-Decker, Errikos Maslias, Edouard Baudson, Thomas Brahier, Vanessa Kraege, Ana Catarina de Sousa Teixeira, Carlos Fidalgo, Florian Berthaudin, Amagoia Madina, Solange Zoergiebel, Francois Bastardot, Athina Stravodimou, Marie Méan, Jacques Fellay, Philippe Ryvlin, Jean Louis Raisaro

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Sep 09); 28:e86453

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Doctor reviews AI summary of patient's medical history on computer screen

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Sentence-Level Provenance for AI Medical Record Summarization in a Click-to-Inspect Interface: Formative Usability Evaluation

Andrew Parambath, Giordana Pulpo, Vince Hartman

JMIR Hum Factors 2026 (Sep 08); 13:e95644

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Doctor analyzing liver function data on futuristic holographic display

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Large Language Models for Heterogeneous Data Mining in Liver Disease: Framework Development and Retrospective Validation Study

Haiping Zhang, Xinming Li, Kechi Fang, Yinxue Ma, Lijuan Li, Huiping Yan, Yanmin Liu, Yanhua Yu, Jing Wang

J Med Internet Res 2026 (Sep 04); 28:e92921

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Medical professionals in a meeting discussing patient care

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Performance of ChatGPT, Claude, and AMBOSS on the European Board of Urology In-Service Assessment and Alignment With the European Association of Urology 2025 Guidelines: Comparative Study

Mohamed Eldaneen, Shaza Hendy, Omar Ramadan, Panagiotis Nikolinakos, Asif Muneer, Hussain M Alnajjar, Karl H Pang

JMIR Form Res 2026 (Sep 02); 10:e100148

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Woman using tablet showing heart health icons, AI chatbot, and medical data.

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Large Language Models for Patient Education in Cardiovascular Imaging: Prospective Observational Comparative Study

Ahmed Marey, Basudha Pal, Ayşenur Buz Yaşar, Shree Rath, Giulia Francese, Hossam M Ghorab, Julia Niemierko, Muhammad Shah Wali Jamal, Muhammad Umair

JMIR Form Res 2026 (Aug 26); 10:e95883

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