TY  - JOUR
AU  - Lin, Rebecca Z
AU  - Amith, Muhammad Tuan
AU  - Wang, Cynthia X
AU  - Strickley, John
AU  - Tao, Cui
PY  - 2024
DA  - 2024/6/21
TI  - Dermoscopy Differential Diagnosis Explorer (D3X) Ontology to Aggregate and Link Dermoscopic Patterns to Differential Diagnoses: Development and Usability Study
JO  - JMIR Med Inform
SP  - e49613
VL  - 12
KW  - medical informatics
KW  - biomedical ontology
KW  - ontology
KW  - ontologies
KW  - vocabulary
KW  - OWL
KW  - web ontology language
KW  - skin
KW  - semiotic
KW  - web app
KW  - web application
KW  - visual
KW  - visualization
KW  - dermoscopic
KW  - diagnosis
KW  - diagnoses
KW  - diagnostic
KW  - information storage
KW  - information retrieval
KW  - skin lesion
KW  - skin diseases
KW  - dermoscopy differential diagnosis explorer
KW  - dermatology
KW  - dermoscopy
KW  - differential diagnosis
KW  - information storage and retrieval
AB  - Background: Dermoscopy is a growing field that uses microscopy to allow dermatologists and primary care physicians to identify skin lesions. For a given skin lesion, a wide variety of differential diagnoses exist, which may be challenging for inexperienced users to name and understand. Objective: In this study, we describe the creation of the dermoscopy differential diagnosis explorer (D3X), an ontology linking dermoscopic patterns to differential diagnoses. Methods: Existing ontologies that were incorporated into D3X include the elements of visuals ontology and dermoscopy elements of visuals ontology, which connect visual features to dermoscopic patterns. A list of differential diagnoses for each pattern was generated from the literature and in consultation with domain experts. Open-source images were incorporated from DermNet, Dermoscopedia, and open-access research papers. Results: D3X was encoded in the OWL 2 web ontology language and includes 3041 logical axioms, 1519 classes, 103 object properties, and 20 data properties. We compared D3X with publicly available ontologies in the dermatology domain using a semiotic theory–driven metric to measure the innate qualities of D3X with others. The results indicate that D3X is adequately comparable with other ontologies of the dermatology domain. Conclusions: The D3X ontology is a resource that can link and integrate dermoscopic differential diagnoses and supplementary information with existing ontology-based resources. Future directions include developing a web application based on D3X for dermoscopy education and clinical practice. 
SN  - 2291-9694
UR  - https://medinform.jmir.org/2024/1/e49613
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2196/49613
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38904996
DO  - 10.2196/49613
ID  - info:doi/10.2196/49613
ER  -